unit 2

UNIT 2

Sigmund freud was an australian doktor who explreed the workings of the human mind.He developed psychoanalysis,which is both a way treating neurosis,or mental  distrubances,and a theory of how the mind works.

            Freud was bron in moravia,now part of czechoslovakia. When he was four,his family moved to vienna,austria. Freud enterend the university of vienna when he was 17. One day he attended a lecture on nature . he was so fascinated that he madeup his mind to become a doctor.

            Freud became interested in diseases of the mind . in 1885,he won a fellowship to study in paris under the guindance of a doctor, jean martin chariot, who was famous for his work on this kind of diseases. The next year,freud returned to vienna,married and began to treat diseases of the mind.

            Freud ha great insight into the human mind. He thought that every person is born whit certain needs ,he said,are unconscious – people are not a ware of thinking a bout such needs. Freud named the part of mind controlling these instinctive unconscious needs the id,and said that person’s id operates to give pleasure.

            Freud also said that,as we grow up from infancy, we acquire an ego,a collection of memories and thoughts that help us deal with the worda round us. We continue to grow,and from the teaching of our  family and society, we develop a superego a conscience . our superego and id often push in opposite ways . our ego usually reduces this conflict by helping us to get pleasure without “hurting “ our conscience.

            But if a person unconsciouns thoughts and needs are very strong, they may cause unusual behavior,or neurosis. Freud’s treatment for neurosis is psychoanalysis (examinastion of the mind),a method for uncovering these unconscius thoughts and understanding how they cause problems, thoughts that dreams-even dreams that seem to make no sense are a very important clue to understainding the mind.